![]() In this atomizer, a special nozzle called a swirl port is used to push the liquid against the wall of the chamber, and the liquid emerges from the orifice as a sheet, which is unstable and soon breaks up into droplets. For example, a pressure swirl atomizer exists that utilizes a three step process: film formation, sheet breakup, and atomization. Pressure atomizers use high pressure to force the fluid through the nozzle, and the friction that is created between the fluid and the air causes the fluid to disrupt and form droplets. Pressure and air-assisted atomizers both utilize the kinetic energy of the fluid itself so that the relative velocity of the surrounding air and the fluid is kept high. Atomization can be achieved through different techniques, which can be classified into five categories: pressure, air-assisted or pneumatic, mechanical, acoustic, and thermal atomizers. Atomization is the process of disintegrating fluids into liquid spray droplets due to the cohesive and disruptive forces acting on the liquid.
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